Update on epidemiology classification, and management of thyroid cancer
نویسنده
چکیده
Thyroid cancer represents approximately 0.5–1% of all human malignancy1. In the UK the incidence of thyroid cancer is 23 per 100,000 populations 2. In geographical areas of low iodine intake and in areas exposed to nuclear disasters the incidence of thyroid cancer is higher. Benign thyroid conditions are much more common. In the UK approximately 8 % of the population have nodular thyroid disease2. Nodular thyroid disease increases with age and is also more common in females and in geographical areas of low iodine intake. Primary thyroid malignancy can be broadly divided into 2 groups. The first group, which generally have much better prognosis, are the well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, which includes papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and Hürthle cell tumours. The second group includes the poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma like medullary thyroid carcinoma and the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Other rare tumours such as sarcomas, lymphomas and the extremely rare primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid should be included in the second group. Secondary or metastatic thyroid cancer can be from breast, lung, colon and kidney malignancies.
منابع مشابه
A Review of Oral Submucousal Fibrosis, Related Factors, Prognosis and New Therapeutic Approaches
Abstract BACKGROUNackground and AIMD & AIM: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is an oral premalignant condition with highest premalignant potential among oral precancerous lesions which characterized with inflammation and progressive fibrosis of submucosal oral tissues (cause to significant irreversible rigidity and trismus). During the years, many classification systems have been propo...
متن کاملA Closer Look to the Most Frequent Travelers’ Disease: A Systematic Update on Travelers’ Diarrhea
The present study, wants to highlight and review the most prevalent disease amongst travelers. In the current review, an updated review regarding epidemiology, involved pathogens, and a brief review of current evidence-based guidelines for prevention and treatment of this disease are provided. A distinguishing feature of the current review is the discussion of the impacts of irritable bowel syn...
متن کاملMircoRNAs in thyroid cancer
Thyroid cancer, which is known as the most common type of endocrine cancer, has seen a growing prevalence in the last few years. On the other hand, only a small percentage of them are associated with malignancy and most of them are benign tumors. Therefore, the first step in the proper management of this type of cancer is to distinguish malignant tumors from benign ones, and today, we are tryin...
متن کاملThyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy in children and adoles‐ cents. Although the basis of the thyroid cancer management in children is the same as those of the adults, thyroid cancer may behave different in pediatric population than adults. Unlike adults, children usually present with more advanced disease and the risk of recurrence and metastases are higher. However, the prog...
متن کامل